By “And the cows that were ugly and gaunt ate up the seven sleek, fat cows” -Genesis 41:4
“And the thin heads of grain swallowed the seven healthy, full heaAds” -Genesis 41: 7
This essay discusses what businesses can do to pull through the years of recession. The years of lean cows are the years of famine akin to the years of economic recession. When Pharaoh dreamt as above in the biblical history, Egypt mobilised to prepare for famine or economic recession by building strong national reserves of grains in its years of boom and abundance. With such strong national reserves or savings of grains, the biblical Egypt of Pharaoh was able to minimise the impact of famine on its people even when it lasted for seven years.
There was however a country whose Kings did not save its grains in its years of fat cows because their Kings did not dream, they had no vision and lacked foresight. When famine, the years of lean cows came, there was limited supply of grains available in the country. Grains became so scarce that there were long queues of citizens to buy the limited quantity of grains available from the national warehouse. The King, out of love for his people, decreed that the now scarce and limited national grains should be sold to the people at the same price or close to the price, they used to buy, in the years of fat cows.
Grains had however become more valuable in that country because of its limited supply in the now years of lean cows. The queues for grains were so long that millions of the citizens who wanted the scarce grains were willing to pay far higher prices than the official price of the King, reflecting the true value of the scarce grains. This created very significant rent seeking opportunities in the sales of the scarce national grains. A citizen would also need to be well connected to access the grains even if they are the most economically efficient user of the scarce national grains. This was because the queues for grains were so long that no one was certain when it would get to their turn if they stayed on the queue as the supply in the national warehouse got depleted.
As the grains supply got depleted by the day, their value to the citizens increased at higher premiums to the King’s official price. The state was now selling its grains at old prices, lower than their real value, at far lower revenue that constrained its ability to replace the stock of grains it has sold, such that the national grains reserves began to fall rapidly creating even further scarcity. Meanwhile, there were merchants in overseas countries where there had been good harvest of grains. Those merchants would like to bring in ships of grains to the country to sell in very large quantities. They could see the demand from the scarcity in that country but they lacked the incentive to bring their ships of grains because they had to sell at that large quantity at the official decreed price, far lower than the true value of their grains.
Therefore, there was very limited private supply of grains into that country to complement the limited supply of the King. The famine and recession therefore got worse and became unnecessarily prolonged beyond its natural course. Extrapolating this analogy, it is certain that if biblical Joseph were Nigerian, he would have advised against an inflexible exchange rate policy in our current economic situation.
Nigeria’s recession, our own years of lean cows, is characterised by very high inflation, declining real wages and accelerating unemployment and underemployment. It manifests on businesses in three ways, which are massive contraction of market demand, rationalisation of demand and the trade –down of market and product preferences as consumers shop for value. There are nine ways a business can respond to this recession and pull through this challenging period. The first is re-engineering your product and services for value to keep them at affordable prices for consumers. Toothpastes and packages of consumer goods are now getting smaller to keep them at affordable price points. You can also take out the bells and whistles in your product to keep them at affordable prices. Bells and whistles are product ingredients that may be 20 percent of your cost and deliver only five percent value to your customers.
By taking them out, you can effectively shave fifteen percent off your cost making your product or service more affordable. The second way your business can respond is to make your route to market more efficient. Find partners who have a wider market reach and plug into their platforms. It will be cheaper than doing it yourself especially if you own a small business and your scale is small. You may, for example, plug into established digital and e-commerce aggregation platforms to reach a wider market while developing your own websites for more people to reach you at a lower cost. The third way is to find if there are new value segments emerging in your industry or market because of the recession.
Enter such value segments early to colonise and dominate them. Such emerging value segments will be usually small and may not be able to accommodate more than one or two brands profitably. The first brands to get in are the ones who can build a minimum profitable scale while the third and fourth will have very little market left to harness.
Fourthly, your business can identify markets, sectors or segments that are resilient and realign your commercial investments around them. Despite the famine in Isaac’s time in the book of Genesis, Isaac sowed and prospered because he had the skills of finding wells in dry and famine lands. Identify your more resilient markets and realign your commercial investments to focus on those need or geographic segments.
Olu Akanmu is a Publisher, he writes on Strategy and Public Policy.
